objectivity in journalism pdf objectivity in journalism pdf

Objectivity and journalism over the last century, these two words have become inextricably linked. >> /TextAlign /Justify endobj 251 0 obj << /Kids [263 0 R 264 0 R 265 0 R 266 0 R 267 0 R] >> /WritingMode /LrTb /Contents 466 0 R >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Type /Metadata 14 [81 0 R] endobj 184 0 obj 369 0 obj /P 5 0 R /Resources << /WritingMode /LrTb /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /TextAlign /Justify /Rotate 0 endobj >> endobj /Rotate 0 >> 420 0 obj /O /Layout /Contents 468 0 R >> /K 0 << /Contents 469 0 R Journalists think objectivity demands trying to let the facts speak for themselves, and academics think it requires systematic methods and transparent accounts. /TT2 456 0 R 26 0 obj /TextAlign /Justify >> v/-1tV,=Ah;z0|hauP (*$!DyF;!>9alzK{rV9^t: i[G. 'm1=66Jt)'8r>{i&2+9ov$}^#UB@_E%4[ Jk@-m*5y?hLtyb >!oKm8mt&^ JiTi(u0mRj;ygj>WqgtW'g>5s2eZNJ)djJI0!UeM&a7eQu!_uJlOAbo5Kb=^:6 Ijnyhx ;xC"s;]i@5^Ckp],jd@5e*]`]dmes6_]Lko-3JnE^tfV='>zJ^efWc% qCOhPC]\I3X;kqXG&|d4$!b#FT -Wm32. /P 204 0 R 29 0 obj WebRather than enjoying a fine PDF similar to a cup of coffee in the afternoon, instead they juggled like some harmful virus inside their computer. /Type /Page A main conclusion is that journalism is not de-professionalizing on ideological level, but going through a re-formation. WebObjectivity in journalism is a key topic for debate in media, communication and journalism studies, and has been the subject of intensive historical and sociological research. << << /Contents 504 0 R >> >> << /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /StartIndent 37.5 >> /Rotate 0 /Parent 22 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] Existing content analyses concentrate on (hyper)local forms of participatory journalism, focusing on neighbourhoods or cities, and compare these to professional journalism (Carpenter, 2008a, 2008b, 2010; Fico et al., 77 0 obj /Rotate 0 390 0 obj endobj /K 2 /S /LBody >> Damon asked his interviewees where they learned these concepts. endobj endobj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /WritingMode /LrTb >> /O /Layout 1997. endobj /WritingMode /LrTb >> /Pg 262 0 R >> 332 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb /K 0 /S /Body#20Text /Title (A literature review of the factors impacting on objectivity in news journalism) endobj 114 0 obj /O /Layout /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /O /Layout [Google Scholar]); for their bearing upon journalism, see also Muoz-Torres (1995 Muoz-Torres, Juan Ramn. /WritingMode /LrTb Each morning well send you the best ideas for making news more innovative and sustainable in our Need to Know newsletter. << 5 0 obj /K 4 /SE 17 0 R 35 0 obj endobj /O /Layout 335 0 obj 224 0 obj /O /Layout /O /Layout >> >> >> /K 0 << /Pg 257 0 R 1995. >> 12 [77 0 R 78 0 R] >> /Resources << >> /K 1 186 0 obj /Pg 244 0 R 141 0 obj /A 374 0 R /TT0 454 0 R 310 0 obj /S /Normal endobj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /TT0 454 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /Contents 498 0 R << 37 [121 0 R] >> 185 0 obj /S /Normal /ParentTreeNextKey 64 >> /WritingMode /LrTb /S /Normal << /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] endobj /K 1 /K 3 /StructParents 38 /StructParents 55 /StructParents 19 >> /Contents 493 0 R /Parent 30 0 R /K 1 /S /Body#20Text /TT0 454 0 R 286 0 obj 149 0 obj /Type /Page /Type /Page << endobj endobj 21 0 obj /TextAlign /Justify /K 0 And what is the meaning of professional ideals such as scrutiny and autonomy in these processes? /S /Normal /A 14 0 R endobj /F4 443 0 R 44 0 R 45 0 R 46 0 R 47 0 R 48 0 R 49 0 R 50 0 R 51 0 R 52 0 R 53 0 R >> But increasingly, reporters, editors and media critics argue that the concept of journalistic objectivity Reporters have gone on to refine the concept Lippmann had in mind, but usually only privately, and in the name of technique or reporting routines rather than journalisms larger purpose. /S /Normal /Pg 225 0 R << >> /TT2 441 0 R >> 121 0 obj endobj /A 392 0 R /K 58 0 R /Pg 190 0 R /TT0 454 0 R /Parent 4 0 R 55 [175 0 R 176 0 R] /TT0 454 0 R >> /K [17 0 R 21 0 R] /S /Body#20Text /Endnote /Note 183 0 obj >> endobj /WritingMode /LrTb /Pg 215 0 R /S /Superscript << /StructParents 14 >> /P 204 0 R << /O /Layout /K 0 >> /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] >> endobj Subjective Objectivity. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Pages 4 0 R /Rotate 0 The path to objectivity and beyond, Montreal: McGill-Queen's University Press. /K 0 /Prev 19 0 R /ColorSpace << /S /Normal endobj /A 368 0 R endobj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /Font << >> >> Abstract The article seeks the roots of the journalistic concept of objectivity in various theoretical schools. 238 0 obj /A 270 0 R /Parent 32 0 R /Font << 2009-04-23T15:11:44+02:00 /WritingMode /LrTb /Contents 495 0 R /A 364 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> 392 0 obj /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /SpaceAfter 6.0 /S /Normal /TT0 454 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 119 0 obj CNNs reporting revealed an ideology of a, In recent years some journalists have become aggressive and outspoken in challenging corporate policies that restrict a reporter's offduty political activities, particularly when they are unrelated, Journalistic objectivity is the definitive canon of American mainstream journalism. 365 0 obj /P 204 0 R /S /Body#20Text /Pg 256 0 R /Rotate 0 404 0 obj 193 0 obj << /Type /Page /K 0 >> >> >> << /Pg 263 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb /WritingMode /LrTb /ColorSpace << 91 0 obj << 192 0 obj >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /P 204 0 R >> /TT2 456 0 R /TextAlign /Justify 146 0 obj endobj /P 204 0 R 182 0 obj /TT2 455 0 R /P 204 0 R /S /Heading#203 /K 0 /Resources << >> /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /CS1 [/ICCBased 480 0 R] 98 0 obj >> 250 0 obj /P 333 0 R << >> >> endobj /Pg 253 0 R /StartIndent -8.99998 /WritingMode /LrTb /Parent 22 0 R << /O /Layout endobj /WritingMode /LrTb /SpaceAfter 3.0 << << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] The Development of Journalism in the /TT2 489 0 R /Parent 7 0 R << /O /Layout /Font << /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word) To identify and analyse factors that influence objectivity in journalism. 11 0 obj /O /Layout << >> 393 0 obj >> 7 [null null null 64 0 R null null null 65 0 R 66 0 R] D:20090423103136 /TT0 454 0 R /A 361 0 R /Resources << /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb /A 424 0 R /Parent 25 0 R /S /LBody endobj /K 0 /A 376 0 R << << Integrating new trends in the convergence of print, broadcast, and online media, WRITING AND REPORTING NEWS equips you with the fundamental skills you need for media careers now-and in the future. /Pg 212 0 R /S /Body#20Text /P 204 0 R /P 196 0 R /Pg 232 0 R /Pg 248 0 R The method is objective, not the journalist. /Marked true >> /Font << >> >> << /P 204 0 R >> /S /Normal /Contents 465 0 R /S /Body#20Text >> /Count 5 /CreationDate (D:20090423150910+02'00') /Parent 28 0 R endobj endobj << endobj 255 0 obj 110 0 obj ]x Shom\Bfj5Z@n\gy; "'~|UI*(%mYg=uI2aIg `I`U=#@q:q% /BaselineShift 4.0 /Font << 417 0 obj WebEn junio de 2022, el Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism report que The Objective contaba con 50 periodistas. /K 1 endobj 126 0 R 127 0 R 128 0 R 129 0 R 130 0 R 131 0 R 132 0 R 133 0 R 134 0 R 135 0 R << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /ColorSpace << /K 3 /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> 14 0 obj 231 0 obj /Type /Pages /First 19 0 R >> >> endobj >> /K 0 WebLippmann called this new objective journalism, and he believed it would lead to journalism turning into a real profession (ibid:981f). /Pg 254 0 R >> /XObject << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << /Parent 23 0 R /Type /Page /ColorSpace << >> Good stories prove their relevance to the audience, Good stories have strong central characters, 4 questions to find a focus for your story, 8 paths to defining a storytelling approach, The Black Box system for organizing a story. /Kids [190 0 R 206 0 R 207 0 R 208 0 R 209 0 R] 406 0 obj /Parent 26 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /K 1 134 0 obj Interestingly enough, despite frequent statements by academics and journalists that the paradigm of objectivity is exhausted, when it comes to setting up professional criteria in public debates, this concept inevitably reappearssometimes in an implicit wayonce and again. /Pg 208 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 32 [112 0 R 113 0 R] /A 18 0 R /S /Body#20Text << /S /Normal (PDF) Defining Objectivity within Journalism - ResearchGate /WritingMode /LrTb /O /Layout /Font << /SpaceBefore 12.0 88 0 R 89 0 R] << /Resources << >> /O /Layout /O /Layout /P 204 0 R endobj /Pg 264 0 R /K 0 endobj >> >> The second implication is that this neutral voice, without a discipline of verification, creates a veneer covering something hollow. >> << /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] << /O /Layout /S /Part /Prev 15 0 R 76 0 obj << 2002. >> /WritingMode /LrTb /O /Layout /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] endobj /O /Layout /Parent 32 0 R /Outlines 3 0 R /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /ColorSpace << 126 0 obj /Font << >> /Creator (Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word) >> /K 2 Register a free Taylor & Francis Online account today to boost your research and gain these benefits: /doi/full/10.1080/1461670X.2012.662401?needAccess=true, Subjective Objectivity. Journalism as a discipline of verification, The Hierarchy of Information and concentric circles of sources, Good stories are important and interesting. /WritingMode /LrTb /Contents 524 0 R 254 0 obj 425 0 obj 281 0 obj /StructParents 35 I argue here that the underlying principles of objectivity devolve in, Objective journalism is blamed frequently for all sorts of journalistic failures and weaknesses, but the critiques typically are flawed because their authors fail to understand objectivity or to, Journalists enjoy unprecedented freedom from government interference to gather facts from sources, but journalistic tradition and custom restrict the freedom of journalists to report fact as they see, / This study used computer-assisted textual analysis of frames as ideological cues in news coverage of the Iraqi 2005 elections by CNN.com and Aljazeera.net. /S /Normal /WritingMode /LrTb << >> 5 0 obj /Parent 28 0 R >> /StructParents 15 246 0 obj /TT0 454 0 R It discovered the existence of several factors, namely personal attitudes, organisational structures, routines and the wider political and cultural environment, that engender particular notions of professionalism which are more bound to the local environment and the complex political and societal setting than with the with the normative framework normally associated with the concept of professionalism. endobj /WritingMode /LrTb /TT0 440 0 R /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Rotate 0 /Pg 190 0 R /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] >> >> << endobj >> endobj >> /ColorSpace << << 396 0 obj << /Parent 24 0 R /S /Normal /Rotate 0 /S /Normal /K 4 << << /P 204 0 R /StructParents 28 /Font << >> /A 353 0 R /Resources << /Pg 190 0 R 346 0 obj 97 0 obj /O /Layout /TT1 455 0 R << /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] endobj endobj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] 328 0 obj /K 9 >> /P 204 0 R >> /S /Normal /Parent 9 0 R /P 204 0 R endobj /S /GoTo >> Yet American journalists cannot agree on what it is, how it is measured, or on how it is done. /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 262 0 obj << /Pg 190 0 R << endobj /P 204 0 R 205 0 obj /A 422 0 R /TT2 455 0 R /StructParents 16 /A 383 0 R >> /Pg 219 0 R /Resources << >> >> /WritingMode /LrTb /K 4 /S /Normal /K 1 fA!fCa8! # g'u}tLTQE'8^rw%xN=eCKQ>G;UMG,',HYu4#_ /K 0 /Resources << /A 358 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /Title (A literature review of the factors impacting on objectivity in news journalism) /S /Body#20Text /S /Normal /Resources << /TextAlign /Justify /K 0 >> /TT1 456 0 R /Count 5 /Pg 229 0 R 269 0 obj >> /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /Pg 251 0 R /K 0 >> << /S /Body#20Text /S /Body#20Text /StructParents 29 application/pdf /Producer (Adobe PDF Library 9.0) /StructParents 63 /Rotate 0 /S /Normal /K 2 /WritingMode /LrTb /A 284 0 R /O /Layout /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 349 0 obj /S /Normal endobj Nor were some of the new innovations of the times, like bylines, or columnists. /O /Layout /K 1 endobj /P 196 0 R /Pg 208 0 R /StructParents 37 /ColorSpace << /S /Body#20Text /A 273 0 R /TextAlign /Justify >> /Type /Page /P 291 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /K 1 << /Rotate 0 uuid:b40aa8b4-44ae-49b9-be3e-6e1288eaba82 38 0 obj A Feature Paper should be a substantial original Article that involves several techniques or approaches, provides an outlook for future research directions and describes possible research applications. >> 57 [180 0 R 181 0 R] Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word >> >> endobj << endobj /A 269 0 R 388 0 obj THE OBJECTIVITY IDEAL AND ITS LIMITATIONS IN 20TH-CENTURY BRITISH JOURNALISM. /P 204 0 R >> >> /K 1 >> << /WritingMode /LrTb >> << /S /LBody /P 196 0 R endobj /P 204 0 R endobj /SpaceAfter 3.0 /P 204 0 R But, from another perspective (ontological), it can also mean arbitrary, whimsical, unwarranted, that is, lacking correspondence to reality. /WritingMode /LrTb << << >> /WritingMode /LrTb >> << /P 204 0 R 265 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb WebIt argues that the concept of objectivity in journalism originates in the positivistic tradition and, furthermore, that it is strongly related to tan earlier theoretical school within >> endobj << /O /Layout /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb /S /Heading#203 /Im1 446 0 R /Type /Page /TT0 454 0 R /StartIndent 36.0 /TT1 442 0 R >> endobj << 3. /TT0 454 0 R The term subjective has several meanings. << 4 [60 0 R] /TextAlign /Center /Font << /K 7 WebAuthor: Jesse Peterson Big Idea: Objectivity Goals/Objectives 1. >> endobj /TextAlign /Justify /WritingMode /LrTb Journalistic professionalism is utilised by Mexican journalists as a discursive strategy to show their attachment or detachment, engagement with or criticism to the journalistic culture, and to respond, adhere and contribute to the news organisations goals.". >> /TT2 489 0 R /O /Layout /A 298 0 R /TextIndent 27.0 /Rotate 0 375 0 obj endobj /Parent 29 0 R << >> >> /O /Layout /TT2 455 0 R /ColorSpace << What makes journalism different than other forms of communication? /Resources << 131 0 obj /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /O /Layout /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /K 0 endobj endobj /O /Layout /S /Heading#203 << /K 1 /TextIndent -18.0 /Metadata 205 0 R >> /Pg 240 0 R /A 407 0 R /K 0 17 [84 0 R] 47 0 obj /K 1 /Outline /Span /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] Webon the professions, the second strand confuses journalistic objectivity with journalistic professionalism per se. 170 0 obj 3 [53 0 R null null null 54 0 R null null null 55 0 R null 296 0 obj /P 204 0 R /O /Layout Adobe PDF Library 9.0 /A 410 0 R /K 1 /Contents 501 0 R uuid:b50061db-1e79-4d16-a6a9-687804b75548 /Pg 223 0 R >> /TextAlign /Justify endobj /A 388 0 R 399 0 obj << /Pg 260 0 R /A 362 0 R 386 0 obj /SpaceBefore 12.0 383 0 obj /S /Normal 268 0 obj endobj /Type /Page /Kids [218 0 R 219 0 R 220 0 R 221 0 R 222 0 R] 385 0 obj >> endobj /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /K 4 /K 5 /WritingMode /LrTb endobj /SpaceBefore 12.0 endobj /A 345 0 R /K 0 37 0 obj /S /LBody /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] endobj 133 0 obj >> >> << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Type /Page << /K 15 /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /TT0 454 0 R << Sobre el vigor contemporneo de la falacia objetivista, Revista de Filosofa. 200 0 obj /A 329 0 R As Hallin and Mancini's (2004) work demonstrates, objectivity is 99 0 obj endobj /S /Normal endobj /Resources << /Next 200 0 R >> /O /Layout /K 3 endobj 160 0 obj 36 0 obj /Font << 426 0 obj endobj 3. /Pg 233 0 R /Resources << endobj << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 7.24%. << /Pg 231 0 R /A 426 0 R 207 0 obj /A 341 0 R /TT2 489 0 R /O /Layout /Parent 26 0 R /K 1 /Type /Pages /K 0 /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] endobj /ColorSpace << >> >> /Type /Pages 195 0 obj /TextAlign /Justify /Pg 252 0 R Many useful books have been written. endobj /Pg 255 0 R /P 196 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /Rotate 0 /Pg 255 0 R /Pg 208 0 R /Rotate 0 >> /TextAlign /Center /Next 16 0 R /Pg 190 0 R /O /Layout >> /S /Body#20Text << Questions about journalists perceptions of various ideals offer excellent opportunities to explore possible homogenization vs. fragmentation, and what the attitudinal dimensions actually say about the professional content of Swedish journalism. /P 204 0 R endobj /A 378 0 R /A 283 0 R /S /Normal >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 490 0 R /K 0 /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << /O /Layout /Font << /TT2 441 0 R endobj /O /Layout /WritingMode /LrTb << /TT2 441 0 R /Resources << >> Although interpretations of objectivity vary across countries (Deuze, 2005), over time and journal 214 0 obj >> Rather than serve as a vehicle of neutrality, the objective method was seen as an antidote to the emotionalism and jingoism of the conservative American press. << /S /LBody /P 204 0 R Objectivity in journalism (lat. >> /A 351 0 R endobj /Rotate 0 /Resources << endobj >> /StructParents 44 endobj << At a time when Freud was developing his theories of the unconscious and painters like Picasso were experimenting with Cubism, journalists were also developing a greater recognition of human subjectivity. endobj /P 204 0 R /K 1 << endobj >> << /P 204 0 R endobj /A 431 0 R A new generation of journalists is questioning whether, in a hyper-partisan, digital world, objectivity is even desirable. << 92 0 obj /Font << << /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << >> << >> << >> /A 360 0 R Overwhelmingly the answer was: by trial and error and on my own or from a friend. /ParentTree 12 0 R /Parent 27 0 R /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /A 340 0 R /Contents 519 0 R << /O /Layout endobj /P 204 0 R /S /LBody 210 0 obj /Type /Page /Body#20Text#20Indent /P /WritingMode /LrTb The solution, Lippmann argued, was for journalists to acquire more of the scientific spirit There is but one kind of unity possible in a world as diverse as ours. /Parent 7 0 R /Count 64 /WritingMode /LrTb /TextAlign /Justify /Type /Page /Kids [253 0 R 254 0 R 255 0 R 256 0 R 257 0 R] 143 0 obj /Resources << 18 [85 0 R null null 86 0 R null null null 87 0 R null null /ColorSpace << /A 337 0 R /Pg 245 0 R << >> 2 /WritingMode /LrTb /Pg 211 0 R To draw tentative conclusion on objectivity as s a /SpaceAfter 6.0 20 [92 0 R] /TextAlign /Justify /ColorSpace << /O /Layout >> 279 0 obj << >> /O /Layout /SpaceBefore 12.0 10 [74 0 R 75 0 R] 391 0 obj >> 127 0 obj Acrobat PDFMaker 9.0 for Word /P 204 0 R >> endobj << << endstream >> /F5 444 0 R /P 204 0 R >> &>DN%H &&):H; O*l, A literature review of the factors impacting on objectivity in news journalism. >> << /Parent 9 0 R /P 204 0 R endobj >> /StructParents 32 >> endobj /TT1 455 0 R >> /StructParents 17 endobj >> >> /S /Body#20Text endobj endobj /S /Normal << 18 0 obj >> 74 0 obj /K [34 0 R 35 0 R 36 0 R 37 0 R 38 0 R 39 0 R 40 0 R 41 0 R 42 0 R 43 0 R ABSTRACT Media framing and coverage of contemporary armed conflicts largely focus on the defence of national security and war propaganda. Many of these injustices have been revealed and, Journalists did not begin to use the word objective to describe their work until the 1920s. >> /P 196 0 R /TT0 454 0 R endobj 217 0 obj /A 328 0 R << /Pg 212 0 R >> 243 0 obj /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> /A 326 0 R 39 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /TT1 456 0 R Professional ideals may furthermore be regarded as a form of symbolic capital, used as legitimizing tools in journalisms struggle for maintaining status quo. 387 0 obj /TT1 456 0 R /P 204 0 R /A 343 0 R /K 1 68 0 obj /Pg 253 0 R The researchers employed document analysis and semi-structured interviews to examine Business Day in South Africa, Business Daily in Kenya and Financial Gazette in Zimbabwe. /O /Layout /A 398 0 R /ColorSpace << << /K 1 >> << Academia.edu no longer supports Internet Explorer. 153 0 obj /Pg 251 0 R /TextAlign /Justify /Pg 213 0 R v4B6Z r[R M {HZlSK $2h!}^97 >> It is also interesting to see that journalists, the same as media owners, political and economic power centers, media advertisers, political parties and interest groups, insist on objectivity in media reporting in the same manner and with the same persistence, with the aim of reaching agreement on the conditions of public discourse. /TextAlign /Justify /Contents 518 0 R w4;Y!X&t#^{lON/T]8]y]"~V23j!A?%:f@L{9n2~ << . >> /Parent 9 0 R << /Pg 228 0 R This is a trusted computer. /A 397 0 R /TT0 454 0 R /O /Layout endobj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] >> 431 0 obj 49 0 obj << /Title (December 2007) /K 0 << endobj endobj /Rotate 0 endobj /K 0 /TextAlign /Justify << >> /A 335 0 R /A 325 0 R endstream /WritingMode /LrTb /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 324 0 obj Comunicacin y Sociedad VIII, 2: 14171. /Type /Page /Font << >> >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Type /Page /WritingMode /LrTb /K 3 endobj /Resources << /Length 1926 Therefore, the objectives of this study are: 1. 352 0 obj 30 [107 0 R 108 0 R] << /S /Heading#203 /Type /Page /K 1 /D [256 0 R /XYZ 514 328 0.0] 90 0 obj >> 306 0 obj /O /Layout /TT1 456 0 R >> 320 0 obj /Parent 10 0 R /Pg 190 0 R /Font << /K 0 359 0 obj >> /TextDecorationColor [0.0 0.0 0.0] /Parent 31 0 R >> >> /Pg 236 0 R endobj /P 204 0 R >> /S /Normal /K 3 /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] << /Contents 505 0 R /A 381 0 R endobj /Type /Page /S /Normal /Title <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> /TextAlign /Center /TextIndent -18.0 /Contents 482 0 R >> /TT0 440 0 R /K 7 << /StructParents 21 >> /P 196 0 R /S /Body#20Text >> /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 372 0 obj endobj /K 3 /TT0 454 0 R endobj /ColorSpace << endobj /A 420 0 R /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 172 0 obj /WritingMode /LrTb /S /Body#20Text /WritingMode /LrTb endobj >> /TT0 454 0 R << /Count 13 /P 528 0 R /Type /Page endobj << >> /Rotate 0 /TT1 456 0 R endobj /TextAlign /Justify endobj /TT1 456 0 R /S /Normal /Parent 25 0 R 75 0 obj /Rotate 0 /P 204 0 R /TT0 454 0 R << << /Parent 27 0 R null 70 0 R null null] /Type /Page /StructParents 20 /ColorSpace << /Pg 207 0 R /O /Layout >> /P 204 0 R >> /Type /Page << /Font << endobj /Contents 510 0 R /Rotate 0 /S /Body#20Text /O /Layout /TT1 456 0 R endobj /Pg 208 0 R endobj endobj /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 63 0 obj The research found that while all three newspapers had clear ethical guidelines in place and editors and journalists recognized the importance of ethical behavior, ethical practice did not always follow. /S /Body#20Text /TextIndent -18.0 >> >> /Contents 488 0 R >> >> << << 334 0 obj But, unfortunately, most debates about it have proved to be, not only endless, but inconclusive. << endobj >> /WritingMode /LrTb << endobj /P 204 0 R /O /Layout [Google Scholar]). endobj /Parent 24 0 R >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /Contents 484 0 R /Parent 33 0 R >> /K 0 /TT1 456 0 R /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] /K 70 0 R endobj /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /ColorSpace << /TT1 455 0 R >> /P 204 0 R >> /Resources << >> /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.32 841.92] 24 0 obj /O /Layout /P 196 0 R When uttering that truth is unattainable, one presupposes eo ipso that this very assertion is itself true, that is to say, that it fully accounts for the human capacity for knowledge. /Contents 497 0 R << /Rotate 0 >> /TT0 454 0 R /TextAlign /Center /Type /Catalog 3 << /A 372 0 R << /Resources << >> /K 10 /O /Layout >> endobj 144 0 obj Web1. /WritingMode /LrTb /S /Underline /P 204 0 R /TextIndent -19.5 /TT1 442 0 R /StructParents 22 307 0 obj 29 [105 0 R 106 0 R] >> /A 382 0 R endobj << /O /Layout /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] << << As a result, the truthfulness of their writing often falls under suspicion. /TextAlign /Justify /CS0 [/ICCBased 439 0 R] << /Resources << endobj /P 204 0 R /Parent 28 0 R endobj endobj /TT2 455 0 R << >> /O /Layout /A 391 0 R << /A 277 0 R endobj /Pg 249 0 R >> 74 0 R 75 0 R 76 0 R 77 0 R 78 0 R 79 0 R 80 0 R 81 0 R 82 0 R 83 0 R 331 0 obj endobj << /TT0 454 0 R /S /Normal << /O /Layout /K 1 /A 434 0 R endobj << 299 0 obj However, during the last decades of the twentieth century, both communication scholars and practitioners increasingly began to contest the main notions embedded in it.